The nervous system is the most complex and highly organized body system. It receives information from the sensory organs via nerves, transmits the information ...LearnSiteLanguagesfrançaisespañoldeutsch日本語中文SkeletalOverviewTypesofBonesAxialSkeletonAppendicularSkeletonJointsSkeletalPathologiesGlossaryMuscularOverviewMuscleTissueTypesMuscleAttachments&ActionsMuscleContractionsMuscularPathologiesGlossaryCirculatoryFunctionsofBloodHeartBloodVesselsCirculationCirculatoryPathologiesGlossaryRespiratoryRespiratoryFunctionsUpperRespiratorySystemLowerRespiratorySystemRespiratoryPathologiesGlossaryDigestiveOverviewOralCavityAlimentaryCanalAccessoryOrgansAbsorption&EliminationDigestivePathologiesGlossaryLymphaticLymphaticStructuresImmuneSystemGlossaryUrinaryUrinarySystemStructuresKidneysUrineFormationUrineStorage&EliminationUrinaryPathologiesGlossaryReproductiveFemaleReproductiveSystemMaleReproductiveSystemReproductiveProcessGlossaryNervousOverviewNeuronsBrain5SensesGlossaryEndocrineEndocrineGlandsHormonesGlossaryBrainandNerves:FiveKeystoUnlocktheNervousSystem©2021VisibleBodyCentralnervoussystemThebrainandthespinalcordmakeupthecentralnervoussystem.Thenervoussystemisthemostcomplexandhighlyorganizedbodysystem.Itreceivesinformationfromthesensoryorgansvianerves,transmitstheinformationthroughthespinalcord,andprocessesitinthebrain.Thenervoussystemdirectsourbody’sreactionstotheworldandalsocontrolsmostofourinternalfunctions,everythingfrommusclemovementandbloodvesseldilationtothelearningofanatomyandphysiologyfacts.Howdoesitmanageallthis?Bysendinglightning-quicksignals,electricalandchemical,betweencells.1.TheBrainandSpinalCordAretheCentralNervousSystem.NervesandSensoryOrgansMakeUpthePeripheralNervousSystem.Together,thecentralnervoussystem(CNS)andtheperipheralnervoussystems(PNS)transmitandprocesssensoryinformationandcoordinatebodilyfunctions.Thebrainandspinalcord(theCNS)functionasthecontrolcenter.Theyreceivedataandfeedbackfromthesensoryorgansandfromnervesthroughoutthebody,processtheinform

Nervous system, organized group of cells specialized for the conduction of electrochemical stimuli from sensory receptors. The nervous system allows for the ...NervoussystemSectionsArticleIntroductionFormandfunctionofnervoussystemsStimulus-responsecoordinationIntracellularsystemsOrganellesystemsNervoussystemsThenervecellTheneuronSomaPlasmamembraneNucleusOrganellesAxonDendritesTheneurogliaTypesofneurogliaNeuroglialfunctionsTransmissionofinformationinthenervoussystemTheionicbasisofelectricalsignalsDiffusionofionsacrossamembraneUnchargedmoleculesWaterIonsTheneuronalmembraneTransmissionintheneuronRestingpotentialLocalizedpotentialActionpotentialDepolarizationRepolarizationConductionTransmissionatthesynapseElectricaltransmissionChemicaltransmissionNeurotransmitterreleasePostsynapticpotentialInactivationIontransportActivetransport:thesodium-potassiumpumpPassivetransport:membranechannelsSodiumchannelsPotassiumchannelsCalciumchannelsAnionchannelsNeurotransmittersandneuromodulatorsAcetylcholineEpinephrineandnorepinephrineDopamineSerotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine)AminoacidsNeuroactivepeptidesEvolutionanddevelopmentofthenervoussystemDiffusenervoussystemsCentralizednervoussystemsSimplebilateralsystemsModeratelycephalizedsystemsAnnelidsSimplemollusksComplexlycompartmentalizedsystemsComplexmollusksArthropodsThevertebratesystemTheprimitiveconditionEncephalizationDominanceofthecerebrumShowmoreSummaryArticleSummaryMediaVideosImagesAdditionalInfoMoreArticlesOnThisTopicAdditionalReadingContributorsArticleHistoryHomeHealth&MedicineAnatomy&PhysiologyNervoussystemanatomyPrintprintPrintPleaseselectwhichsectionsyouwouldliketoprint:TableOfContentsCiteverifiedCiteWhileeveryefforthasbeenmadetofollowcitationstylerules,theremaybesomediscrepancies.Pleaserefertotheappropriatestylemanualorothersourcesifyouhaveanyquestions.SelectCitationStyleMLAAPAChicagoManualofStyleCopyCitationShareShareSharetosocialmediaFacebookTwitterURLhttps://www.britannica.com/science/nervous-systemMoreGiveFeedbackExternalWebsit

NervoussystemFromScholarpediaThisarticlehasnotyetbeenpublished;itmaycontaininaccuracies,unapprovedchanges,orbeunfinished.Jumpto:navigation,searchDr.WilliamE.Skaggs,ScholarpediaThenervoussystemisthepartofananimal'sbodythatcoordinatesitsbehaviorandtransmitssignalsbetweendifferentbodyareas.Invertebratesitconsistsoftwomainparts,calledthecentralnervoussystem(CNS)andtheperipheralnervoussystem(PNS).TheCNScontainsthebrainandspinalcord.ThePNSconsistsmainlyofnerves,whicharelongfibersthatconnecttheCNStoeveryotherpartofthebody,butalsoincludesothercomponentssuchasperipheralganglia,sympatheticandparasympatheticganglia,andtheentericnervoussystem,asemi-independentpartofthenervoussystemwhosefunctionistocontrolthegastrointestinalsystem.Atthecellularlevel,thenervoussystemisdefinedbythepresenceofaspecialtypeofcell,calledtheneuron,alsoknownasa"nervecell".Neuronshavespecialpropertiesthatallowthemtosendsignalsrapidlyandpreciselytoothercells.Theysendthesesignalsintheformofelectrochemicalwavestravelingalongthinfiberscalledaxons,whichcausechemicalscalledneurotransmitterstobereleasedatjunctionstootherneurons,calledsynapses.Acellthatreceivesasynapticsignalfromaneuron(apostsynapticneuron)maybeexcited,inhibited,orotherwisemodulated.Theconnectionsbetweenneuronsformneuralcircuitsthatcangenerateverycomplexpatternsofdynamicalactivity.Alongwithneurons,thenervoussystemalsocontainsotherspecializedcellscalledglialcells(orsimplyglia),whichprovidestructuralandmetabolicsupport.Recentevidencesuggeststhatgliamayalsohaveasubstantialsignalingrole.Nervoussystemsarefoundinalmostallmulticellularanimals,butvarygreatlyincomplexity.Theonlymulticellularanimalsthathavenonervoussystematallarespongesandmicroscopicbloblikeorganismscalledplacozoansandmesozoans.Thenervoussystemsofctenophores(combjellies)andcnidarians(e.g.,anemones,hydras,coralsandjellyfishes)consistofadiffusenervenet.Allothertypesofanimals,withtheexceptionofechinodermsandafewtypesofworms,haveanervoussystemcontainingabrain,acentralcord(ortwocordsrunninginpa

The nervous system is a complex collection of nerves and specialized cells known as neurons that transmit signals between different parts of ...SkiptomaincontentLiveScienceSearchSubscribeRSSPleasedeactivateyouradblockerinordertoseeoursubscriptionofferNewsSpace&PhysicsHealthPlanetEarthStrangeNewsAnimalsHistoryForumsTechCultureReferenceAboutUsMagazinesubscriptionsMoreTrendingCoronavirusNewsForumLife'sLittleMysteriesMagazineDealsLiveSciencenewslettersLiveScienceissupportedbyitsaudience.Whenyoupurchasethroughlinksonoursite,wemayearnanaffiliatecommission.LearnmoreThenervoussystemisacomplexcollectionofnervesandspecializedcellsknownasneuronsthattransmitsignalsbetweendifferentpartsofthebody.Itisessentiallythebody'selectricalwiring. Structurally,thenervoussystemhastwocomponents:thecentralnervoussystemandtheperipheralnervoussystem.Accordingtothe NationalInstitutesofHealth,thecentralnervoussystemismadeupofthebrain,spinalcordandnerves.Theperipheralnervoussystemconsistsofsensoryneurons,ganglia(clustersofneurons)andnervesthatconnecttooneanotherandtothecentralnervoussystem.Functionally,thenervoussystemhastwomainsubdivisions:thesomatic,orvoluntary,component;andtheautonomic,orinvoluntary,component.Theautonomicnervoussystemregulatescertainbodyprocesses,suchasbloodpressureandtherateofbreathing,thatworkwithoutconsciouseffort,accordingto MerckManuals.Thesomaticsystemconsistsofnervesthatconnectthebrainandspinalcordwithmusclesandsensoryreceptorsintheskin.DescriptionofthenervoussystemNervesarecylindricalbundlesoffibersthatstartatthebrainandcentralcordandbranchouttoeveryotherpartofthebody,accordingtothe UniversityofMichiganMedicalSchool. Neurons sendsignalstoothercellsthroughthinfiberscalledaxons,whichcausechemicalsknownasneurotransmitterstobereleasedatjunctionscalledsynapses,theNIHnoted.Thereareover100trillionneuralconnectionsintheaveragehumanbrain,thoughthenumberandlocationcanvary.Forexample,anewstudypublishedJanuary2018inthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesfoundthatoutofth

What is the Nervous System? ... The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various ...Weusecookiestoenhanceyourexperience.Bycontinuingtobrowsethissiteyouagreetoouruseofcookies.Moreinfo.AcceptCookieSettingsWhatistheNervousSystem?DownloadPDFCopyByDr.AnanyaMandal,MDReviewedbyAprilCashin-Garbutt,MA(Editor)Thenervoussystemisacomplexnetworkofnervesandcellsthatcarrymessagestoandfromthebrainandspinalcordtovariouspartsofthebody.ImageCredit:VectorMine/Shutterstock.comThenervoussystemincludesboththeCentralnervoussystemandPeripheralnervoussystem.Thecentralnervoussystemismadeupofthebrainandspinalcord,andtheperipheralnervoussystemismadeupoftheSomaticandtheAutonomicnervoussystems.Thecentralnervoussystem(CNS)Thecentralnervoussystemisdividedintotwomajorparts:thebrainandthespinalcord.Neurotransmission-3DMedicalAnimationPlayThebrainThebrainlieswithintheskullandisshapedlikeamushroom. Thebrainconsistsoffourprincipalparts:thebrainstemthecerebrumthecerebellumthediencephalonThebrainweighsapproximately1.3to1.4kg.Ithasnervecellscalledtheneuronsandsupportingcellscalledtheglia.Therearetwotypesofmatterinthebrain: greymatterandwhitematter. Greymatterreceivesandstoresimpulses. Cellbodiesofneuronsandneurogliaareinthegreymatter. Whitematterinthebraincarriesimpulsestoandfromgreymatter. Itconsistsofthenervefibers(axons).ThebrainstemThebrainstemisalsoknownastheMedullaoblongata.Itislocatedbetweentheponsandthespinalcordandisonlyaboutoneinchlong.ThecerebrumThecerebrumformsthebulkofthebrainandissupportedonthebrainstem. Thecerebrumisdividedintotwohemispheres. Eachhemispherecontrolstheactivitiesofthesideofthebodyoppositethathemisphere.Thehemispheresarefurtherdividedintofourlobes:FrontallobeTemporallobesParietallobeOccipitallobeThecerebellumThisislocatedbehindandbelowthecerebrum.ThediencephalonThediencephalonincludesthethalamusandhypothalamus.Thethalamusiswheresensoryandotherimpulsesgoandcoalesce.Thehypothalamusisasmallerpartofthed

The nervous system has two main parts: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is ...SkiptomaincontentCOVID-19GetthelatestpublichealthinformationfromCDC:https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/GetthelatestresearchinformationfromNIH:https://www.covid19.nih.gov/(enespañol)NIHstaffguidanceoncoronavirus(NIHOnly):https://employees.nih.gov/pages/coronavirus/HomeHealthAtoZListNeuroscienceAboutPartsofthenervoussystemShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInPinterestEmailPrintWhatarethepartsofthenervoussystem?EnEspañolThenervoussystemhastwomainparts:Thecentralnervoussystemismadeupofthebrainandspinalcord.Theperipheralnervoussystemismadeupofnervesthatbranchofffromthespinalcordandextendtoallpartsofthebody.Thenervoussystemtransmitssignalsbetweenthebrainandtherestofthebody,includinginternalorgans.Inthisway,thenervoussystem’sactivitycontrolstheabilitytomove,breathe,see,think,andmore.1Thebasicunitofthenervoussystemisanervecell,or neuron.Thehumanbraincontainsabout100billionneurons.Aneuronhasacellbody,whichincludesthecellnucleus,andspecialextensionscalled axons (pronounced AK-sonz)and dendrites (pronounced DEN-drahytz).Bundlesofaxons,callednerves,arefoundthroughoutthebody.Axonsanddendritesallowneuronstocommunicate,evenacrosslongdistances.Differenttypesofneuronscontrolorperformdifferentactivities.Forinstance,motorneuronstransmitmessagesfromthebraintothemusclestogeneratemovement.Sensoryneuronsdetectlight,sound,odor,taste,pressure,andheatandsendmessagesaboutthosethingstothebrain.Otherpartsofthenervoussystemcontrolinvoluntaryprocesses.Theseincludekeepingaregularheartbeat,releasinghormoneslikeadrenaline,openingthepupilinresponsetolight,andregulatingthedigestivesystem.Whenaneuronsendsamessagetoanotherneuron,itsendsanelectricalsignaldownthelengthofitsaxon.Attheendoftheaxon,theelectricalsignalchangestoachemicalsignal.Theaxonthenreleasesthechemicalsignalwithchemicalmessengerscalled neurotransmitters (pronounced noor-oh-TRANS-mit-erz)intothesynapse (pronoun

In vertebrates it consists of two main parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal ...NervoussystemFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchHighlycomplexpartofananimalthatcoordinatesactionsandsensoryinformationbytransmittingsignalsbetweendifferentpartsofthebodyForotheruses,seeNervoussystem(disambiguation).NervoussystemThehumannervoussystemDetailsIdentifiersLatinsystemanervosumMeSHD009420TA98A14.0.00.000FMA7157Anatomicalterminology[editonWikidata]Inbiology,thenervoussystemisahighlycomplexpartofananimalthatcoordinatesitsactionsandsensoryinformationbytransmittingsignalstoandfromdifferentpartsofitsbody.Thenervoussystemdetectsenvironmentalchangesthatimpactthebody,thenworksintandemwiththeendocrinesystemtorespondtosuchevents.[1]Nervoustissuefirstaroseinwormlikeorganismsabout550to600millionyearsago.Invertebratesitconsistsoftwomainparts,thecentralnervoussystem(CNS)andtheperipheralnervoussystem(PNS).TheCNSconsistsofthebrainandspinalcord.ThePNSconsistsmainlyofnerves,whichareenclosedbundlesofthelongfibersoraxons,thatconnecttheCNStoeveryotherpartofthebody.Nervesthattransmitsignalsfromthebrainarecalledmotororefferentnerves,whilethosenervesthattransmitinformationfromthebodytotheCNSarecalledsensoryorafferent.Spinalnervesservebothfunctionsandarecalledmixednerves.ThePNSisdividedintothreeseparatesubsystems,thesomatic,autonomic,andentericnervoussystems.Somaticnervesmediatevoluntarymovement.Theautonomicnervoussystemisfurthersubdividedintothesympatheticandtheparasympatheticnervoussystems.Thesympatheticnervoussystemisactivatedincasesofemergenciestomobilizeenergy,whiletheparasympatheticnervoussystemisactivatedwhenorganismsareinarelaxedstate.Theentericnervoussystemfunctionstocontrolthegastrointestinalsystem.Bothautonomicandentericnervoussystemsfunctioninvoluntarily.Nervesthatexitfromthecraniumarecalledcranialnerveswhilethoseexitingfromthespinalcordarecalledspinalnerves.Atthecellularlevel,thener

Made up of billions of nerve cells called neurons, your nervous system is what lets you do everything from breathe to walk to dream. It has two main parts: the ...Brain&NervousSystemSlideshowsMadeupofbillionsofnervecellscalledneurons,yournervoussystemiswhatletsyoudoeverythingfrombreathetowalktodream.Ithastwomainparts:thecentralnervoussystem,whichincludesthebrainandspinalcord,andtheperipheralnervoussystem(alltheothernervesinyourbody).Yournervoussystemworksbothonautopilotandwithyouincontrol.Avoluntaryactionissomethingthattakesconsciousthought,likewhenyouwalkorclapyourhands.Thatusesthesomaticnerves.Involuntaryactionsarethingslikeyourheartbeatthathappenwhetherornotyou'rethinkingordoinganythingaboutit.That'stheautonomicsystem.Thispartofyourautonomicsystemisinchargeofyourbody's"fightorflight"response.Whenyoucomeacrossathreat,yoursympatheticnervoussystemkicksintogear,quicklychangingbodyprocesseslikeyourbreathingandheartratesothatyouhaveextraenergyandarereadytofacethedangerorrunaway.Theotherpartofyourautonomicsystemhastheoppositeeffect.It'sthebrakepedaltothesympatheticnervoussystem'sgaspedal.Ittakesoverwiththe"restanddigest"responsetobringyoubacktonormalafterthedangerhaspassed.Stressthatdoesn'tletupleavesyoursympatheticnervoussystemonalert.Andovertime,thatcanleadtoyoulosingyourmentalsharpness.Youmaytakelongertoreacttothingsandmakemoreerrors.(Highlevelsofstressalsoaffectyourphysicalhealth,includingweakeningyourimmunesystemandraisingyourchanceofheartdisease.)They'rehowyourbrainandbody"talk"toeachother.Thesenervecellsusespecialpartstocommunicate.Theaxonreleasesachemicalcalledaneurotransmitterthat'spickedupbythedendriteofanotherneuron,whereit'sturnedintoanelectricalsignal.Sensoryneuronsrespondtothingslikesound,smell,andtouchanddelivertheinfotoyourbrain.Motorneuronsbringmessagesfromyourbraintoyourmuscles.ThesecellsgettheirnamefromtheGreekwordfor"glue."Theysurround,support,andcushiontheneuronsinyourbrainandspinalcord.Butthat'snotall.Researchersare beginningtounderstandtheroleglia

Nerves. Nerves are bundles of axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that act as information highways to carry signals between the brain ...SkipNavigationAdvertisementNervousSystemBy:TimTaylorLastUpdated:Nov2,2020Thenervoussystemconsistsofthebrain,spinalcord,sensoryorgans,andallofthenervesthatconnecttheseorganswiththerestofthebody.Together,theseorgansareresponsibleforthecontrolofthebodyandcommunicationamongitsparts.Thebrainandspinalcordformthecontrolcenterknownasthecentralnervoussystem(CNS),whereinformationisevaluatedanddecisionsmade.Thesensorynervesandsenseorgansoftheperipheralnervoussystem(PNS)monitorconditionsinsideandoutsideofthebodyandsendthisinformationtotheCNS.EfferentnervesinthePNScarrysignalsfromthecontrolcentertothemuscles,glands,andorganstoregulatetheirfunctions.ContinueScrollingToReadMoreBelow...AdditionalResourcesBestFoodSensitivityTest HomeSTDTest EverlywellReviews BetterHelpReviews myLABBoxReviews STDcheckReviews LetsGetCheckedReviews AnatomyExplorerHEADANDNECKCHESTANDUPPERBACKLOWERTORSOARMANDHANDLEGANDFOOTHEADANDNECKBrainBrainStemCerebellumCerebrumEarsandHearingCochleaandCortiEyesandVisionCorrectiveLensesEyeMuscleControlEye'sRodsandConesCranialNerveX-VagusNerve1stCervicalNerveFacialNerveTasteBudsCHESTANDUPPERBACK1stThoracicNerveSpinalCordLOWERTORSO1stLumbarNerve1stSacralNervePudendalNerveARMANDHANDMedianNerveMusculocutaneousNervePalmarDigitalNervesRadialNerveUlnarNerveLEGANDFOOTCommonPeronealNerveCommonPlantarDigitalNervesFemoralNerveLateralPlantarNerveMedialPlantarNervePeronealCommunicatingBranchofMusculocutaneousNervePlantarDigitalNervesPosteriorFemoralCutaneousNerveSaphenousNerveSciaticNerveSuralNerveTibialNerveChangeCurrentViewAngleNervousSystem(MaleView)NervousSystem(MalePosteriorView)NervousSystem(PosteriorView)ToggleAnatomySystemCardiovascularSystemDigestiveSystemEndocrineSystemFemaleReproductiveSystemImmuneandLymphaticSystemsIntegumentarySystemMaleReproductiveSystemMuscularSystemRespiratorySystemSkeletalSystemUrinarySystemSwitchGender«B