The four lobes of the brain are the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes (Figure 2). The frontal lobe is located in the forward part of the ...SkiptomaincontentIntroductiontoPsychologyBiopsychologySearchfor:LobesoftheBrainLearningObjectivesIdentifythelocationandfunctionofthelobesofthebrainForebrainStructuresThetwohemispheresofthecerebralcortexarepartoftheforebrain(Figure1),whichisthelargestpartofthebrain.Theforebraincontainsthecerebralcortexandanumberofotherstructuresthatliebeneaththecortex(calledsubcorticalstructures):thalamus,hypothalamus,pituitarygland,andthelimbicsystem(collectionofstructures).Thecerebralcortex,whichistheoutersurfaceofthebrain,isassociatedwithhigherlevelprocessessuchasconsciousness,thought,emotion,reasoning,language,andmemory.Eachcerebralhemispherecanbesubdividedintofourlobes,eachassociatedwithdifferentfunctions.Figure1.Thebrainanditspartscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theforebrain,midbrain,andhindbrain.LobesoftheBrainThefourlobesofthebrainarethefrontal,parietal,temporal,andoccipitallobes(Figure2).Thefrontallobeislocatedintheforwardpartofthebrain,extendingbacktoafissureknownasthecentralsulcus.Thefrontallobeisinvolvedinreasoning,motorcontrol,emotion,andlanguage.Itcontainsthemotorcortex,whichisinvolvedinplanningandcoordinatingmovement;theprefrontalcortex,whichisresponsibleforhigher-levelcognitivefunctioning;andBroca’sarea,whichisessentialforlanguageproduction.Figure2.Thelobesofthebrainareshown.PeoplewhosufferdamagetoBroca’sareahavegreatdifficultyproducinglanguageofanyform.Forexample,Padmawasanelectricalengineerwhowassociallyactiveandacaring,involvedmother.Abouttwentyyearsago,shewasinacaraccidentandsuffereddamagetoherBroca’sarea.Shecompletelylosttheabilitytospeakandformanykindofmeaningfullanguage.Thereisnothingwrongwithhermouthorhervocalcords,butsheisunabletoproducewords.Shecanfollowdirectionsbutcan’trespondverbally,andshecanreadbutnolongerwrite.Shecandoroutinetaskslikerunningtothemarkettobuymilk,butshecouldnotcommunicateverballyif